anti-Hamas

Questions are mounting over the future role of several armed groups that have surfaced across Gaza in recent months, positioning themselves as anti-Hamas forces and potential partners in the territory’s next political chapter. These groups range from clan-based networks and criminal gangs to newly-formed militias operating within areas currently controlled by Israeli forces. Some have received quiet support from Israel, while others are believed to have indirect backing from elements within the Palestinian Authority.

Despite their growing influence, none of these militias have been formally included in the peace plan put forward for Gaza’s post-conflict administration. The proposal envisions an …